Dr. Ajit Ghadge

Sjögren’s Syndrome

Sjögren’s Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the body’s moisture-producing glands. It primarily affects the salivary and tear glands, leading to persistent dryness of the mouth and eyes. In some individuals, the condition may also involve joints, skin, lungs, kidneys, nerves, and other organs. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to control symptoms and prevent complications.

Causes of Sjögren’s Syndrome

The exact cause of Sjögren’s syndrome is not clearly known, but several factors are believed to contribute:

Autoimmune reaction targeting moisture-producing glands
Genetic predisposition or family history of autoimmune diseases
Hormonal influences, as it is more common in women
Association with other autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus
Environmental or viral triggers activating immune response

Treatment Options for Sjögren’s Syndrome

There is no permanent cure for Sjögren’s syndrome, but treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing organ damage.

Medications

Artificial tears and saliva substitutes
Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive medications
Medications to stimulate saliva and tear production

Symptom Management

Eye care to prevent dryness and irritation
Oral care to prevent dental decay and infections

Lifestyle Management

Staying well-hydrated throughout the day
Avoiding caffeine, smoking, and alcohol
Using humidifiers to reduce dryness

Advanced Care

Regular monitoring for systemic organ involvement
Multidisciplinary care for complex symptoms

Prevention & Risk Reduction

Sjögren’s syndrome cannot be prevented, but early diagnosis and proper care help reduce complications:

Early evaluation of persistent dry eyes or dry mouth
Regular dental and eye check-ups
Strict adherence to prescribed medications
Maintaining good oral and eye hygiene
Routine follow-ups to monitor systemic involvement
Healthy lifestyle to support immune balance